Himalayas - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

Does India have any active volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

India has only one active volcano: Barren Island in the Andaman Sea, located 135 km northeast of Port Blair. It has erupted multiple times since 1787, with recent activity in 2020-2022. Narcondam Island nearby is dormant.

Question 2

Why doesn't the Himalayan collision create volcanoes like the Andes?

Accepted Answer

The Himalayas formed from continental-continental collision where both plates have buoyant crust that resists subduction. The Andes form from oceanic-continental subduction where dense oceanic crust sinks, releases water, and triggers melting. No deep subduction = no volcanic arc.

Question 3

What were the Deccan Traps and are they still active?

Accepted Answer

The Deccan Traps are a massive flood basalt province erupted ~66 million years ago from the Réunion mantle plume as India drifted over it. They cover ~500,000 km² but are extinct—the Indian Plate has moved ~3,000 km northward since, far from the plume now under Réunion Island.

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