Demographic Transition Theory - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

Who proposed the Demographic Transition Theory and when?

Accepted Answer

Frank Notestein formally proposed the Demographic Transition Theory in 1945 in his paper "Population—The Long View," building on earlier work by Warren Thompson (1929) and Adolphe Landry (1934).

Question 2

What are the five stages of the Demographic Transition Theory?

Accepted Answer

The five stages are: Stage 1 - High Stationary (high birth/death rates), Stage 2 - Early Expanding (falling death rate, high birth rate), Stage 3 - Late Expanding (falling birth rate), Stage 4 - Low Stationary (low birth/death rates), Stage 5 - Declining (below-replacement fertility).

Question 3

Which stage of Demographic Transition Theory is India currently in?

Accepted Answer

India nationally reached Stage 3 (Late Expanding) with TFR of 2.0 (NFHS-5, 2021), but significant variation exists: southern states are in Stage 4 (Low Stationary) while northern states like Bihar and UP remain in Stage 3.

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Demographic Transition Theory: Notestein’s Model Explained for UPSC Geography