underdevelopment theories - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

What is the primary difference between the old and new concept of development?

Accepted Answer

The old concept focused almost exclusively on economic indicators like GDP and industrial growth, whereas the modern concept is multi-dimensional, emphasizing human welfare, social equity, and environmental sustainability (SDGs).

Question 2

What are the main theories of underdevelopment?

Accepted Answer

The three primary theories are Modernization Theory (internal causes), Dependency Theory (external exploitation), and World Systems Theory (global capitalist structure of core, periphery, and semi-periphery).

Question 3

How does the Core-Periphery model explain regional disparity?

Accepted Answer

It suggests that economic activity and wealth tend to concentrate in 'core' regions (industrialized/urban), while 'periphery' regions (rural/resource-providing) experience stagnation and dependence on the core.

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Concept of Development and Underdevelopment in Geography