What are the latitudinal and longitudinal extents of India as per NCERT Class 11 Geography?

India extends from 8°4'N to 37°6'N latitude and 68°7'E to 97°25'E longitude, placing it entirely in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.

Which states does the Tropic of Cancer pass through in India?

The Tropic of Cancer (23°30'N) passes through eight states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.

Why does India follow a single time zone despite a 30° longitudinal spread?

India adopted a single time zone (IST, UTC+5:30 based on 82.5°E meridian near Mirzapur) post-independence for national unity and administrative convenience, despite a 2-hour solar time difference between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat.