Bihar flood drought - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

What are the main causes of floods in North Bihar?

Accepted Answer

Floods in North Bihar are caused by Himalayan rivers (Kosi, Gandak, Bagmati, Ghaghara) carrying heavy silt loads, flat terrain with poor drainage, glacial melt, embankment breaches, and floodplain encroachment. The Kosi River's frequent course shifts exacerbate the problem.

Question 2

Why does South Bihar face drought despite high annual rainfall?

Accepted Answer

South Bihar faces drought due to erratic monsoon distribution (85% rain in 4 months), hard rock terrain limiting groundwater recharge (8-12%), over-reliance on groundwater (70% irrigation), low canal coverage (30%), and decay of traditional water bodies (ahars, pynes).

Question 3

What is the Jal Jeevan Hariyali Mission and how does it address Bihar's water crisis?

Accepted Answer

Jal Jeevan Hariyali Mission (2019) is Bihar's flagship water conservation program targeting 24 crore plantations, rejuvenation of 1 lakh+ water bodies, groundwater recharge, and restoration of traditional systems (ahars, pynes). It converges with MGNREGA and addresses both flood and drought through integrated water management.

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Bihar Flood Drought: Problems and Mitigation Strategies for BPSC