Physiography of bihar - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

What are the three main physiographic divisions of Bihar?

Accepted Answer

The three main physiographic divisions of Bihar are: (1) Northern Gangetic Plains covering ~88% area with alluvial soils, (2) Southern Plateau Region (Chota Nagpur extension) covering ~12% area with Precambrian rocks and minerals, and (3) Shiwalik Foothills — a narrow northern strip in West Champaran with Siwalik sediments and forested terrain.

Question 2

Which minerals are found in the Southern Plateau region of Bihar?

Accepted Answer

The Southern Plateau region (Rohtas, Kaimur, Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui) hosts limestone (cement grade in Kaimur-Rohtas), bauxite (lateritic deposits in Jamui-Nawada), mica (Nawada-Gaya-Jamui belt), china clay, fire clay, and quartz. These occur in Precambrian metamorphic rocks and Proterozoic Vindhyan/Kaimur sedimentary sequences.

Question 3

Why is North Bihar seismically vulnerable and which zone does it fall in?

Accepted Answer

North Bihar falls in Seismic Zone V (highest risk) and Zone IV due to proximity to the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and Main Central Thrust (MCT) in the Nepal Himalaya. The thick alluvial basin amplifies seismic waves, and saturated alluvium is prone to liquefaction. Historical earthquakes include 1934 (Mw 8.1), 1988 (Mw 6.9), and 2015 Gorkha (Mw 7.8) events causing widespread damage.

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Bihar Physiography Geology: Complete Guide to Physical Divisions & Geological Structure