ncert class 11 geography - Geography Ebooks | TheGeoecologist

Question 1

What are the three main layers of the Earth interior structure?

Accepted Answer

The three main layers of the Earth interior structure are the crust (outermost, 5–70 km thick), the mantle (extends to 2,900 km depth, 84% of Earth's volume), and the core (2,900–6,371 km radius, divided into liquid outer core and solid inner core).

Question 2

How do seismic waves prove the outer core is liquid?

Accepted Answer

S-waves cannot travel through liquids and disappear beyond 105° from an earthquake epicenter, creating a total S-wave shadow zone. P-waves refract sharply at the core-mantle boundary, creating a P-wave shadow zone between 105°–140°. These observations confirm the outer core is liquid.

Question 3

What is the Moho discontinuity and who discovered it?

Accepted Answer

The Moho discontinuity (Mohorovičić discontinuity) is the boundary separating the crust from the mantle, identified by a sudden increase in P-wave velocity. It was discovered by Croatian seismologist Andrija Mohorovičić in 1909.

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Earth Interior Structure: Complete NCERT Class 11 Geography Guide

Geography as a Discipline: Complete NCERT Class 11 Unit 1 Guide